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Scoop.it!
Dividing tasks among different individuals is a more efficient way to get things done, whether you are an ant, a honeybee or a human. 
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From
vimeo
A new study of the skull of an early hominin child provides a better understanding of the evolutionary timeline for modern human skulls-and brains.
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The researchers looked at the bony labyrinth in fossil remains and compared them to CT scans previously obtained from living primate species. The bony labyrinth of the inner ear is made up of the cochlea — the major organ of hearing — the vestibule and the three semicircular canals which sense head motion and provide input to synchronize movement with visual stimuli.
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From
phys
The remains of the world's oldest musical instruments and human figurines suggest that music and artistic depictions of the human form may have first developed in Germany around 40,000 years ago, say researchers.
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Ancient rock art has been likened to a prehistoric form of Facebook by a Cambridge archaeologist. Mark Sapwell, who is a PhD archaeology student at St John’s College, believes he has discovered an “archaic version” of the social networking site, where users share thoughts and emotions and give stamps of approval to other contributions – similar to the Facebook “like”.
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From
phys
While the disappearance of Neanderthals remains a mystery, paleoanthropologists have an increasing understanding of what allowed their younger cousins, Homo sapiens, to conquer the planet.
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From
io9
This skull has a weird mix of ancient and modern traits. It was discovered in a cave in southwest China and dates to between 14,500 and 11,500 years ago.
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Without selection between competing groups, the advantages of co-operation are not great enough to make it spread, or maintain itself within a population. Our benevolent instincts are the products of our social nature, and to analyse human society as essentially an association of individuals is not just morally but scientifically wrong, since that kind of analysis doesn't predict our behaviour accurately.
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This year was filled with a plethora of discoveries giving insights into human origins and where we came from, revealing human ancestors had sex with now-extinct Neanderthals and Denisovans, where we left Africa from and the possible direct ancestor...
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Stone implements linked Africans and Arabians a surprisingly long time ago...
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Fossils from Northern Kenya show that a new species of human lived two million years ago, researchers say.
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Of course, this is inevitably subjective; an attempt to read the minds of humans who lived tens of thousands of years ago from the scant markings they left behind - if they were from our species at all. But it's one of the few ways we have to start assembling hypotheses about prehistoric people's beliefs and culture, in the hope that we can one day test them with newer scientific techniques.
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In conclusion, we know a gene causes handedness, although we don’t know which, and we know a large right-handed dominance emerged in Homo although we don’t know when or why. Kind of a non-answer to the question really, but I think that’s allowed since it was a non-question to begin with.
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New dates from Geißenklösterle Cave in Southwest Germany document the early arrival of modern humans and early appearance of art and music. ANTHROPOLOGY: http://www.scoop.it/t/science-news?tag=anthropology
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The creative arts became possible as an evolutionary advance when humans developed the capacity for abstract thought. The human mind could then form a template of a shape, or a kind of object, or an action, and pass a concrete representation of the conception to another mind. Thus was first born true, productive language, constructed from arbitrary words and symbols. Language was followed by visual art, music, dance, and the ceremonies and rituals of religion. More on ART: http://www.scoop.it/t/science-news?tag=art
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To the scientists’ surprise, this creature lived at the same time and in the same region as Australopithecus afarensis, a hominid species best known for a partial skeleton dubbed Lucy. Another recent fossil discovery in Ethiopia suggests that Lucy’s kind walked much as people do today (SN: 7/17/10, p. 5).
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THE problem with understanding human uniqueness is precisely that it is unique. Though the proper study of mankind may be man, that study will yield little if there is no reference point to compare man with.
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Why did language evolve? While the answer might seem obvious -- as a way for individuals to exchange information -- linguists and other students of communication have debated this question for years.
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According to a group of historians and anthropologists who have been studying several tribes of people in South America, cultural practices have led to evolved physical traits for one tribe that has caused them to have a unique appearance compared other tribes in the area.
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A reconstruction based on the skull of Norway’s best-preserved Stone Age skeleton makes it possible to study the features of a boy who lived outside Stavanger 7 500 years ago.
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